❖ A basic word-by-word edit that addresses grammar, sentence structure, word choices, flow, transitions and consistency issues. Copyediting makes sure the material is logical and understandable to the reader. 

❖ A review for spelling errors, linguistic errors, and keen attention to punctuations
❖ Crossing-checking for references, quotes, article links, and various citations
❖ During the copyediting stage, the author chooses what revisions are needed based on the editorial comments provided by the editor.